环境:
OS:Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.6
DB:Oracle Database 11.2.0.4
创建参数文件:
使用参数文件模板,创建参数文件。
[oracle@itkaifang ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs [oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ cat init.ora | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$ > inittest.ora [oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ ls init.ora initTEST.ora [oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ cat initTEST.ora db_name='ORCL' memory_target=1G processes = 150 audit_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/admin/orcl/adump' audit_trail ='db' db_block_size=8192 db_domain='' db_recovery_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/flash_recovery_area' db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G diagnostic_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>' dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)' open_cursors=300 remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' control_files = (ora_control1, ora_control2) compatible ='11.2.0'
修改模板参数
[oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ cat inittest.ora db_name='test' memory_target=248M processes = 150 audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/adump' audit_trail ='db' db_block_size=8192 db_domain='itkaifang.com' db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)' open_cursors=300 remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS' control_files = (/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control1.ctl, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control2.ctl) compatible ='11.2.0'
创建参数文件中,指定的对应目录
[oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/test/adump [oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/ [oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
创建密码文件
[oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwtest password=oracle entries=30 [oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ ls init.ora inittest.ora orapwtest
创建并使用 spfile 启动到 nomount 状态
[oracle@itkaifang dbs]$ sql SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Aug 26 15:40:39 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SYS@test> create spfile from pfile; File created. SYS@test> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 258875392 bytes Fixed Size 2252296 bytes Variable Size 171966968 bytes Database Buffers 79691776 bytes Redo Buffers 4964352 bytes
使用语句创建数据库(创建语句样例在官方文档中的位置:Books → Administrator's Guide → 2 Creating and Configuring an Oracle Database → Creating a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statement→ Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement)
CREATE DATABASE mynewdb USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY sys_password USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY system_password LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/logs/my/redo01a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512, GROUP 2 ('/u01/logs/my/redo02a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512, GROUP 3 ('/u01/logs/my/redo03a.log','/u02/logs/my/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512 MAXLOGFILES 5 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 1 MAXDATAFILES 100 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE DEFAULT TABLESPACE users DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/users01.dbf' SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/temp01.dbf' SIZE 20M REUSE UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
修改后
CREATE DATABASE test USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512, GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512, GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512 MAXLOGFILES 5 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 1 MAXDATAFILES 100 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE DEFAULT TABLESPACE users DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf' SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' SIZE 20M REUSE UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
执行创建数据字典脚本(脚本位置:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin)
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
SYSTEM 用户执行如下脚本(脚本位置:$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin)
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
脚本功能介绍如下,摘自官方文档:
Script | Description |
---|---|
CATALOG.SQL | Creates the views of the data dictionary tables, the dynamic performance views, and public synonyms for many of the views. Grants PUBLIC access to the synonyms. |
CATPROC.SQL | Runs all scripts required for or used with PL/SQL. |
UTLRP.SQL | Recompiles all PL/SQL modules that are in an invalid state, including packages, procedures, and types. |
PUPBLD.SQL | Required for SQL*Plus. Enables SQL*Plus to disable commands by user. |
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